![]() The development of practically accessible solid state lithium batteries is hindered by two major bottle-necks. Depending on whether the battery contains liquid electrolyte or not, solid state lithium batteries can be divided into all solid state lithium batteries and hybrid solid liquid electrolyte lithium batteries ( Cao et al., 2018). Owing to these glittering properties, solid state lithium batteries have attracted much research attention in recent years and become promising candidates for next generation energy storage devices with the expectations of improved safety performance, longer cycle life, and higher energy density ( Bates et al., 2000 Duan et al., 2017). With larger lithium chemical potential difference between anode and cathode, the energy storage can be much improved correspondingly. The wide electrochemical stability window of solid electrolyte may further enable the application of Li metal as anode and cathodes with even higher oxidization potential. Owing to the mechanical properties of solid electrolyte, solid state lithium batteries could resist lithium dendrite in a great degree and the cycle life could be extended longer than lithium batteries based on liquid electrolyte. Thereby, the safety concern related to thermal runaway and electrolyte combustion is likely to be much mitigated ( Zhang et al., 2013). ![]() In solid state lithium batteries, conventional liquid electrolyte based on flammable carbonate components is replaced by solid electrolyte. The daily increasing energy consumption demands advanced batteries with higher energy density and superior safety performance, particularly for large-scale applications like electric vehicles and grid storage ( Tarascon and Armand, 2001). We highlight that the cooperative characterization of diverse advanced characterization techniques is necessary to gain the final clarification of interface behavior, and stress that the combination of diverse interfacial modification strategies is required to build up decent cathode-electrolyte interface for superior solid state lithium batteries. And recent progresses achieved from advanced characterization are also reviewed here. In order to clarify interfacial behaviors fundamentally, advanced characterization techniques with time, and atomic-scale resolution are required to gain more insights from different perspectives. The effective strategies to overcome the interface instabilities are also summarized. Our discussion mostly involves following electrolytes, including solid polymer electrolyte, inorganic solid oxide and sulfide electrolytes as well as composite electrolytes. Meanwhile, different specific issues occur on various types of solid electrolytes, depending on the intrinsic properties of adjacent solid components. For typical solid state lithium batteries, a most common and daunting challenge is to achieve and sustain intimate solid-solid contact. The basic principles of interface layer formation are summarized and three kinds of interface layers can be categorized. In this review, we specifically focus on the interface between solid electrolytes and prevailing cathodes. However, the interface between electrode and solid electrolyte remain a key issue that hinders practical development of solid state lithium batteries. ![]() Solid state lithium batteries are widely accepted as promising candidates for next generation of various energy storage devices with the probability to realize improved energy density and superior safety performances. 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.1Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.Kaihui Nie 1,2, Yanshuai Hong 1,2, Jiliang Qiu 1,2, Qinghao Li 1,2 *, Xiqian Yu 1,2 *, Hong Li 1,2 and Liquan Chen 1,2 ![]()
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